The essentials
- Cephalexin is a common antibiotic — It’s most often used in dogs to treat skin infections.
- There are no severe side effects in dogs — Common mild side effects include nausea, panting, or drooling.
- There are no known drug interactions — There are no serious interactions with other drugs. But, always let your vet know about any medications your dog is taking.
| Medication type: | Cephalexin |
| Form: | Oral capsule, tablet, chewable, liquid (reconstituted powder), injection |
| Availability: | Prescription only |
| Price: | $0.28-$0.64/pill (typically $8-$18 for a 14 day course of treatment) |
| FDA approval: | Yes for dogs and humans |
| Life stage: | All life stages, besides during pregnancy |
| Popular products/Common names: | Keflex, Rilexine, Daxbia, and Vetolexin |
| Expiration range: | 2 years for oral capsule, 2 weeks for liquid medication after reconstitution (must be refrigerated) |
What is cephalexin?
Cephalexin (pronounced phonetically as sef-a-LEX-in) is a cephalosporin, which is a type of antibiotic similar to penicillin and amoxicillin. Cephalexin is a first-generation cephalosporin (the second and third generations are reserved for more serious infections). It’s most commonly used as a treatment for bacterial skin infections in dogs and sometimes off-label to treat UTIs or other types of bacterial infections in dogs and cats. Common brand names include Keflex, Rilexine, Daxbia, and Vetolexin.
Risk factors associated with cephalexin
If your dog has an allergy or sensitivity to cephalosporins, they should not be treated with cephalexin. Similarly, if your dog is sensitive to any other type of major antibiotics like penicillin, they shouldn’t receive cephalexin. Pregnant dogs or dogs that have certain conditions like kidney issues should be closely monitored.
What is cephalexin used for in dogs?
Commonly, antibiotics are prescribed for bacterial infections. However, the specific antibiotic that your veterinarian chooses will depend on several factors, including the type of infection. Cephalexin is especially useful against Staphylococcal infections (most skin infections). It may also be used for:
- Skin infections. A common form of bacterial skin infection is staph, which presents with red, inflamed skin, pustules (pimples), hair loss, and pruritus (itchy skin). Skin infections can be superficial or deep.
- Urinary tract infections. Bacterial infection of their urinary system (for example bladder or kidneys) can cause discomfort and lead to serious complications if left untreated, with symptoms like frequent urination, straining, bloody urine, and accidents in the house.
- Ear infections. Also called otitis externa, ear infections lead to itchy ears as well as debris and odor in the ear canal, and can have serious consequences if not addressed properly. In most cases ear infections are treated with topical medications applied directly into the ear.
- Upper respiratory tract infections. Highly contagious, these infections can be transmitted through sneezing, coughing, or nose-to-nose contact. Other antibiotics may be more effective than cephalexin at treating respiratory infections.
Types of bacteria cephalexin works against
Cephalexin is considered a broad-spectrum antibiotic that is useful in many types of uncomplicated infections. It is effective against several different types of gram-positive and some gram-negative bacteria , and is able to withstand the anti-penicillin enzymes produced by Staphylococci. If your dog has a complex infection your vet may recommend a bacterial culture to grow the specific type of bacteria present and determine which antibiotics it will respond to. In general, cephalexin is a good choice against the following:
Dosing information for cephalexin
Cephalexin is normally prescribed orally as capsules, tablets, or chewables. If your dog has a hard time swallowing solid medication, there are liquid forms or injectable forms available.
The dosage is highly dependent on the type of infection your dog has, how serious it is, and where it’s located within your dog, as well as factors such as your dog’s weight, age, and overall health. Never give your dog any expired or leftover medication from another pet or person. Follow your veterinarian’s directions closely and never give your pet more than the recommended dose. Even if your pet seems to be feeling better, you need to finish the complete course of medication prescribed.
👉 It’s of the utmost importance that you use these antibiotics appropriately. Misuse can cause the growth of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, causing the infection to come back stronger and requiring stronger antibiotics.
What should you do if you miss a dose?
In the case that you forget to administer a dose, give it to your dog as soon as you remember. However, if you’re very close to your dog’s next dose, don’t administer a double dose. Following this, continue with your normal schedule.
Side effects of cephalexin
Antibiotics are usually well-tolerated by most dogs and cephalexin itself has a low risk of any negative side effects. Dogs do sometimes react with vomiting, diarrhea, or a change in appetite. If you notice these symptoms, contact your vet for advice on how to reduce these effects. It may help to give the medication with food.
According to betterpet veterinarian Dr. Liza Cahn, it’s rare for dogs to have an allergic reaction to cephalexin. But, she states that “if you notice hives, facial swelling, difficulty breathing, and vomiting, seek veterinary care immediately.”
Infections can be uncomfortable for your dog, and seeking appropriate care is necessary for getting them back on track to health. Cephalexin can be a great option for treatmenting bacterial infections so talk with your vet about options.
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Frequently asked questions
How long does it take for cephalexin to work?
As with any antibiotic, your dog should take their full prescription, but it can take up to 48 hours to start seeing any improvements in their condition.
How long should a dog take cephalexin?
Your dog may be prescribed medication for anywhere from seven to 28 days, or longer for certain types of infections.
How do you store cephalexin?
If possible, store cephalexin in its original container. If you’re unable to do so, keep it in a closed container at room temperature away from moisture, excessive heat, and sunlight. The liquid form should be kept refrigerated and any excess should be discarded after 14 days.
Can I give my dog my cephalexin?
While cephalexin is the same medication for dogs and humans, you should never give your dog any prescription medication without your vet’s guidance and approval.
Can I get antibiotics for my dog without going to the vet?
Cephalexin is only available by prescription, so you’ll need to talk to your vet to determine if it’s the right choice.
